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This week’s primary influence has been deeply rooted in speculation over stress test results as well as the flood of earnings reports that, so far, indicate that profits are on the rise. These mixed signals have been too much for the Dow to bear. The index was sent back and forth between positive and negative territories. Within the last hour of the trading day, the Dow plummeted off of 60 point gains to end the day down more than 80. Nevertheless, the market may remain range bound until the entire earnings season has played out and all stress tests have been made public. Until this time we may be subject to a constrained trading pattern. The currency markets choose the pound to be the big loser of the day. Otherwise, the dollar rallied against the commodities currencies but fell against the yen and euro.
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The Treasury International Capital system report printed positive for the month of February at $22 Billion versus -$36 Billion in January providing a sign of relief to the market that was concerned about the growing trend of capital outflow from US.
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USD/JPY took out the key 100 level mark on a stop fueled rally in Asian session while cable ran through the 1.4800 figure in a lively pre-NFP action as currency markets prepared to end a volatile week of trade. In Asia very aggressive buying from option related accounts knocked out the 100 barrier in the pair backed by continuation of risk appetite in the afterglow of the successful G-20 summit.
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UK PMI Services report improved markedly rising to 45.6 versus 43.2 the period prior and 43.6 consensus call. The upside surprise in the PMI Services report caps a good week for UK economic data with PMI Manufacturing and PMI Construction releases improving as well. The news provides the strongest evidence to date that the contraction in UK economic activity may have finally leveled off, although all three gauges remain below the key 50 boom/bust line.
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The next 48 hours in the foreign exchange market should be very interesting as we look forward to three significant events that could trigger massive volatility in the currency market independently, let alone collectively. After some big moves earlier this week, most currency pairs have consolidated as traders wait for the European Central Bank interest rate decision, the G20 meeting and the U.S. non-farm payrolls report. The U.S. dollar strengthened against the Euro and Swiss Franc but lost value against all of the other major currencies. This consolidation should just be a precursor to a bigger move.
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The last trading day in the first quarter of 2009 has ended with a bang. The U.S. dollar sold off against most of the major currencies as repatriation flows come to an end. U.S. economic data was weak, but not a game changer and therefore currency investors chose instead to focus on the positive implications of Japan’s stimulus package and the IRS’ new tax break for U.S. car buyers. The currencies that are performing the best against the U.S. dollar are the ones whose central banks are not expected to adopt quantitative easing, namely the Australian New Zealand dollar.
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It has been an extremely interesting day in the currency market with Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner tripping over his comments about the U.S. dollar and an auction of 5 year Treasury notes seeing surprising weak results. Geithner’s fumble could not come at a worst time as investors remain skeptical about the effectiveness of the Obama Administration’s efforts to stimulate the U.S. economy. Top that off with the failed Treasury auction and it is clear that the actions of everyone in the Obama Administration from the Treasury Secretary to the Federal Reserve Chairman have left an air of uncertainty across the financial markets. The U.S. dollar has weakened against the Euro and Japanese Yen but ended the day unchanged against the commodity currencies.
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Compared to yesterday’s sharp moves in the currency and equity markets, trading has been relatively quiet. U.S. stocks meandered in and out of negative territory while the U.S. dollar traded higher against nearly all of the major currencies. Profit taking has hit the financial markets dragging equities and currencies lower. This consolidation gives investors the time to think about whether Monday’s rally is the beginning of a new bull market or just a strong bear market rally. Since March 6th, the S&P 500 has increased 23 percent, which is marginally less than some of the rebounds that we saw during the Great Depression. The point is that equities could still extend its gains while remaining in an overall downtrend.
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There is no question that the US labor market is very weak with job losses expected to extend for the 14th consecutive month. If February non-farm payrolls exceed -450k, then more than 4 million Americans would have lost their jobs since January 2008. The current forecasts for non-farm payrolls are far more pessimistic with analysts predicting a decline of 650k jobs. The US dollar has rallied as risk aversion drags down the higher yielding currency pairs, but if non-farm payrolls surprise to the upside and we that think it will, the dollar may give back some its spectacular gains.
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Things will get very interesting in the currency market over the next 48 hours. The Bank of England and the European Central Bank will be making interest rate decisions on Thursday and non-farm payrolls are due for release in the US on Friday. Alone, any one of these releases could trigger significant volatility in the currency market but together, they could easily lead to major breaks especially since the EUR/USD and GBP/USD have been fluctuating within tight trading ranges. The US dollar traded lower against all of the major currencies except for the Japanese Yen. Risk appetite has improved thanks to a new stimulus package for China, more details on the Treasury’s $75B mortgage plan and a stronger than expected service sector ISM report. The Fed’s Beige Book report signaled worsening economic conditions across the nation, but that failed to cause a dent in the currency or equity markets.
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The euro shrugged off another weak IFO report and rallied off the Asian session lows breaking above the 1.2800 barrier by early European trade. IFO survey of business sentiment printed yet another new low at 82.6 versus 83 forecast but market expectations were already dour and the data had minimal impact on the pair as EUR/USD continued to benefit from EUR/JPY flows.
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On Friday, the Bureau of Labor Statistics is expected to tell us that US employers fired another 500k people in the month of January. Surprisingly enough currencies and equities are trading higher ahead of the non-farm payrolls report which suggests that traders are not afraid of a bad number. Everyone knows that the US economy is very weak and major job losses will continue. Since traders are becoming immune to bad data, it may take job losses in the area of 600k to spook them (January Non-Farm Payrolls Preview). Instead, traders are looking beyond Friday’s non-farm payrolls report to the Monday, February 9th speech by US Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner. According to a Treasury official, Geithner is expected to unveil a bank rescue plan next week. This is one of the few things that could strike a meaningful recovery in the currency and equity markets. If traders deem Geithner’s plan as satisfactory, we could see a further recovery in the financial markets despite the fact that the US economy will get worse before it gets better.
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Over the past 6 months, being long US dollars has been one of the best trades in the currency market but as the dollar extends its gains, many traders wonder how much further it can rise. In the currency market, trends can last much longer than anyone would normally anticipate especially if it is driven by fear. As humans, we run from uncertainty and not towards it. Risk aversion has been pushing investors into the safety of the US dollar and out of higher yielding currencies. When Main Street reads in the papers tomorrow about the slowest pace of economic growth in 26 years, their shock could turn into more selling. Next week, we also have the US non-farm payrolls report due for release. A sour mood could hang over the markets for most of the week as traders fear that another 500k jobs were lost in the month of January. The only thing that could improve risk appetite and give investors a reason to cheer would be if the Senate passes President Obama’s economic stimulus package.
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Concerns about the US economy are growing as the Dow Jones Industrial Average erases all of its year to date gains, taking the US dollar down with it. The rally that we have seen in the first few days of trading will be difficult to sustain with all of the weak economic data that we expect in this month. Although the US government has thrown a lot of monetary and fiscal stimulus at the US economy, we may not see the fruits of their labor until the second quarter at the earliest. There is a major risk of a sharp drop in this month’s non-farm payrolls, retail sales and fourth quarter GDP reports and only after we have seen the last of depression like numbers can we begin to see a meaningful recovery in the US dollar.
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Today’s trading comes across as mostly a denial of facts. Perhaps it is the jubilation that comes with the start of a New Year, or the low volume at the end of a holiday week, but today’s numbers certainly cast a concerning picture on an already weakened economy. Price action in the dollar is also equally perplexing, as the currency posts broad gains in today’s market. However, we warn that the facts in the marketplace will inevitably catch up with those who are once again convinced that the economy has hit the bottom.