China’ s GDP printed slightly weaker than expected at 6.1% versus 6.3% forecast – its slowest pace of growth this decade, but despite the lower headline number underlying fundamentals suggest that the Chinese economy continues to expand at a healthy pace.

The U.S. dollar capped the week off with a strong rally that may have set the tone for trading in the coming week. Despite a number of interesting political developments since Monday, the price action of most major currency pairs have been consolidative – up until now. Many factors have contributed to the sharp appreciation of the U.S. dollar, but for currency traders, their primary question is whether the rally can be sustained in the new and extremely busy trading week. Before even talking about the event risks, it is first important to remember that next week represents the end of the first quarter for many U.S. corporations and the end of the fiscal year for many Japanese companies. Therefore we may have a lot of action in the currency market that is related more to repatriation than economic fundamentals.

The New Zealand GDP printed at -0.9% for the fourth quarter of last year as the country suffered its worst contraction in more than two decades. However, despite the falloff in output the number was actually better than the market forecast of -1.2% decline. Additionally the country’s February trade balance rebounded strongly registering a surplus of 489M versus expectations of 77M and a the prior months’ negative -101M reading. Although the improvement in trade was primarily due to a sharp drop off in imports indicating that domestic demand was weak, the numbers nevertheless should prove supportive to the kiwi propping up New Zealand’s balance sheet.

Over the past few months, a rally in U.S. equities has generally been met with a sell-off in the U.S. dollar. The primary reason was because parking money into the low yielding U.S. dollar was synonymous with risk aversion. Therefore one would expect that today’s 2 percent rally in equities should have driven the U.S. dollar lower against all of the major currencies. We did see dollar weakness, but it was only against the Australian and New Zealand dollars. The greenback increased in value against the Euro and British pound leading many traders to wonder why those currencies failed to participate in the rally.

The smaller than expected downward revision to fourth quarter GDP growth led to a short lived rally in the U.S. dollar.

The Q4 revision of UK GDP proved to be better than the dour consensus estimates of -1.6% printing at -1.5% but offered little help to pound bulls today as the pair sold off towards the 1.4500 handle in the aftermath of the release. Although the results were nominally better than forecast skepticism abounded in the currency market that these figures will not mark the lowest point in the UK economic cycle.

The revision of Q4 UK GDP left the number unchanged at -1.5% but the print was actually better than expected as the market consensus forecast a further contraction to -1.6%. The news confirms what much of UK data has been signaling over the past few weeks – namely that the economy in the British Isles may starting to bottom out.

Currencies and equities have strengthened across the board suggesting that risk appetite may be improving. The dollar, which has been a refuge for safe haven flows, fell against all of the major currencies except for the Japanese Yen. In fact, the rally in USD/JPY has been voracious with the currency pair rising 2.5 percent to an 11 week high. The move today has been driven by a variety of factors, none of which in our opinion are meaningful enough to sustain the rally.

The much anticipated announcements from Washington have triggered a dramatic turn in the currency and equity markets. With investors flocking back into the safety of US dollars and the Dow Jones Industrial Average falling 381 points, it is clear that investors are not satisfied with the Obama Administration’s new programs to unlock the credit the market and rescue the financial sector. If today’s announcements were to be measured by their ability to restore confidence in the financial markets, then the new President has failed miserably. Fortunately we are more optimistic and believe that economic stability will be restored under Obama’s leadership, but patience may be needed.

US growth fell by 3.8 percent in the fourth quarter, the largest drop since the first quarter of 1982. The GDP report was not nearly as bad as the market had expected which should not be a surprise for readers of the Daily Currency Focus.

The US dollar continues to rise, but the rally is tempering. After sharp losses this past week, the Euro, Japanese Yen and Australian dollar are beginning to stabilize against the greenback. US equities have been in the red throughout the day, which is why most currencies remained negative despite sharp intraday reversals. Over the next week, the US dollar faces 3 big threats that all traders and investors should be aware of – a bad bank plan, central bank intervention and economic data:

UK GDP data printed much worse than expected sending pound to fresh multi year lows as the report confirmed that the country has officially entered into its first recession since 1991. The UK GDP showed a contraction of -1.5% versus -1.2% expected as the full impact of the collapse of global capital markets has finally hit the finance driven economy.

Better than expected US economic data was like a breath of fresh air for the currency markets today. Producer prices fell less than expected last month while manufacturing conditions in the Empire State and Philadelphia regions improved. The dollar rebounded against the Japanese Yen indicating that risk aversion is abating, albeit modestly. The overwhelmingly pessimistic investors will not be easily swayed by a few pieces of secondary economic data, especially since all of the numbers are still in negative territory. Looking ahead, we will have another busy day in the currency market with US consumer prices, the Treasury International Capital flow report, industrial production and consumer confidence due for release.

For the 6th month in a row, US consumers have cut back spending. The December consumer spending data tells us that retailers had a very tough time this holiday shopping season. Consumers reduced their spending by 2.7 percent but if you take out year end deals in the auto sector, retail sales actually fell 3.1 percent, the largest decline in at least 16 years.

Concerns about the US economy are growing as the Dow Jones Industrial Average erases all of its year to date gains, taking the US dollar down with it. The rally that we have seen in the first few days of trading will be difficult to sustain with all of the weak economic data that we expect in this month. Although the US government has thrown a lot of monetary and fiscal stimulus at the US economy, we may not see the fruits of their labor until the second quarter at the earliest. There is a major risk of a sharp drop in this month’s non-farm payrolls, retail sales and fourth quarter GDP reports and only after we have seen the last of depression like numbers can we begin to see a meaningful recovery in the US dollar.

The US dollar appears to be unfazed by this morning’s mixed economic reports. Thin trading conditions continue to dominate in the currency market, leading to inconsistent trading for the US dollar. The greenback strengthened against the Japanese Yen and British pound but weakened against the Euro. The latest reports on the US economy were weak but not as weak as the market had expected. There was the potential for really bad numbers and the fact that they did not materialize has actually helped the dollar.

It is the first trading day of what is typically the least liquid period in the financial markets. As a result, there was no consistent trading pattern in the US dollar today. The greenback weakened against the Euro but gained strength against the British pound and Japanese Yen. We still believe that the US dollar has hit a top and could be at the cusp of a major reversal. The EUR/USD’s resilience to the US stock market sell-off indicates that we are finally seeing the weak outlook for the US economy reflected in the weakness of the US dollar. In 2009, the greenback may no longer be the market’s safe haven currency of choice as yields on Treasury bills sit at zero to negative levels.